Frequently asked questions

The Tribunal lists most hearings 2-3 weeks in advance.  This means that inpatients are frequently released on Community Treatment Orders (CTO) to the community team shortly before the hearing date.

Because the patient must have a hearing within the statutory time frame, there is usually insufficient time to relist the patient for a hearing with the community team before the statutory time frame expires.  Furthermore, in most cases the community team has not had time to see the patient and prepare a report.  They have nothing meaningful to contribute to the hearing.  The inpatient team, on the other hand, will have the most recent information on the patient’s condition (even if it is 7-10 days old).

For these reasons, the Tribunal usually asks the inpatient treating team to host the hearing, prepare the medical report, and attend the hearing.  A case manager from the community team is usually also asked to attend.

We understand that this is problematic, and many doctors complain about this practice because the patient is now the responsibility of the community team.  However, this is a matter which must be dealt with consistently across all Health Service Providers (HSP).  If you disagree with this, please raise it with your HSP executive team.

Provided the Tribunal can conduct a hearing for the patient within the statutory time frame, we are happy for the community team to host the hearing, prepare the report, and attend the hearing.  However, transferring this responsibility to the community team may require follow-on changes which ensure that community patients are reviewed by psychiatrists within hours of discharge to ensure that the community psychiatrist is able to prepare the hearing report.  This involves resourcing issues which are matters for the relevant HSPs, not the Tribunal.

Until the Tribunal is advised by the Health Service Provider Executives that they all agree the matter should fall within the responsibility of the community team, the Tribunal will continue to list such hearings before the inpatient team, with the inpatient team having responsibility for the report and attending the hearing.

No.  Review hearings have very strict statutory time frames.  The Registry cannot list a matter outside this limited time frame.  If the patient’s psychiatrist cannot attend the hearing in person, then s/he should prepare a comprehensive report using the Tribunal’s report  template.  The patient’s psychiatrist should also ensure that another psychiatrist attends the hearing to speak to the report and answer questions from the patient or the Tribunal members.

The treating psychiatrist should prepare a medical report (preferably on the Tribunal’s approved form) addressing the section 25 criteria and the s394(1) mandatory considerations and provide a copy of the report to both the Patient and the Mental Health Tribunal at least 3 business days before the hearing date.

Failure to do so may require the Tribunal to stand-down the hearing to require the psychiatrist to review the report with the patient during the scheduled hearing time. This will increase the length of the hearing and cause inconvenience to patients and your colleagues.

For guidance notes on completing the report template click here.

Please update the patient’s Treatment Support and Discharge Plan (TSDP) to ensure it complies with the Chief Psychiatrist’s Guidelines for preparation, review and revision of treatment, support and discharge plans and provide a copy of the TSDP to both the patient and the Mental Health Tribunal at least 3 days before the hearing date.

The patient’s psychiatrist should attend the hearing to answer questions about the report from the Tribunal Members, the patient, advocate, lawyer, or other interested persons. The Tribunal generally requires the presence of the treating psychiatrist at the hearing. The patient’s responsible practitioner or case manager should also attend.

The Tribunal is bound by the rules of natural justice (often referred to as procedural fairness).  The hearing process must be fair.  Generally, this means that material relied upon by the Tribunal in making its decision should be available to the patient and the patient should have the opportunity to comment on it.  It may be unfair for the Tribunal to rely on a medical report or other material that the patient has not seen.

However, the Mental Health Act 2014 (WA) recognises that in some limited situations, the patient should not have access to some information held by the health service. These limited situations include:

• if a treating psychiatrist reasonably believes that the disclosure of information in the document to the person:
  • poses a significant risk to the health or safety of the person or to the safety of another person; or
  • poses a significant risk of serious harm to the person or to another person; or
• if disclosure of the information in the document to the person would reveal:
  • personal information about an individual who is not the person; or
  • information of a confidential nature that was obtained in confidence.

In such circumstances, the patient’s treating psychiatrist may make the information restricted information within the meaning of the Act by preparing a form 12B and giving a copy of it to the patient.

The effect of the form 12B is that the information becomes restricted information and section 461 of the Act is activated.  Section 461 imposes the following restrictions on the use of restricted information at a hearing:

• oral evidence about restricted information cannot be given in the presence of the person who is not entitled to have access to the document containing the restricted information; and
• a witness cannot be examined or cross-examined about restricted information in the presence of that person; and
• an oral submission about restricted information cannot be made in the presence of that person.

Furthermore, the Tribunal must request the person to leave the hearing while the evidence is given, the examination or cross-examination is conducted or the submission is made.

If the person refuses to comply with the Tribunal’s request, the Tribunal must make an order excluding the person from the hearing while the evidence is given, the examination or cross-examination is conducted or the submission is made.

However, bear in mind that when a psychiatrist makes a 12B order, this can be challenged by the patient through an application under section 434.

Then, the Tribunal must conduct a hearing on whether the 12B should remain in place.  It will usually do this immediately before the review hearing for the involuntary treatment order.

Again, the Tribunal is bound by the rules of natural justice (often referred to as procedural fairness).  The hearing process must be fair.  Generally, this means that material relied upon by the Tribunal in making its decision should be available to the patient and the patient should have the opportunity to comment on it.  It may be unfair for the Tribunal to rely on a medical report or other material that the patient has not seen.

However, the application of section 248 of the Act seems to be limited to ‘any relevant document relating to the person that is in the possession or control of the [mental health service]’.  This means that for the form 12B process to apply, the health service must have the document in its possession.  If it is, then the form 12B process described above applies.

If the document is not in the possession of the health service, it seems that section 248 does not apply and cannot activate the provisions of section 461 of the Act (unless the document is then given to the health service).

In the absence of any other specific provision in the Act to deal with this, the issue would be determined by the Tribunal as a question of procedural fairness.  This is a matter for the Tribunal to consider in all of the facts and circumstances of the case and would be considered at the hearing.

In the meanwhile, the information is held by the Registry and will not be accessed by the Tribunal Members or released to the patient.